![]() Why ferns have such gigantic genomes isn’t clear, but scientists have long hypothesized that the answer lies in rounds of whole-genome duplications-which, unfortunately for bioinformaticians, makes assembling a genome even trickier. While ferns in general average about 40 pairs, that still considerably exceeds our mere 23. ![]() For instance, it’s estimated that the adder’s-tongue fern ( Ophioglossum reticulatum) has 720 pairs of chromosomes. And these massive genomes are split into dozens of chromosomes. In general, the plants boast genomes that are 12 Gb long on average-larger than most flowering plants and nearly four times the length of the human genome. Researchers have long struggled to construct fern genomes due to their immense size and complexity. © CHENG-TAO LIN, INATURALIST.COM, CC BY 4.0 ![]()
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